Autumn-flowering bulbs, dwarf conifers and berrying shrubs all provide interest in the later stages of the year. There are many shrubs and trees that have attractive foliage; the fiery hues of Japanese maples (Acer palmatum and A. japonicum) are particularly spectacular at this time of year. Although most autumn colours come from foliage and fruit, there are also some flowerers in brilliant reds and oranges.

Although it's tempting to concentrate simply on flower and foliage colour, the most successful seasonal effects are created when the gardener looks at how, when, and where plants deliver their colour and interest. It's best to think about plants in terms of their height, so that interest is produced at each level - tall, middle, low and ground. Even in small gardens, more impact can be made with autumnal planting by grouping in borders or specific areas, rather than having it scattered around the garden.