Family: Anacardiaceae
Common Name: Sumac

There are over 200 species of shrubs, small trees and occasionally climbers in this diverse genus, including both deciduous and evergreen types. They are often grown as ornamentals for their attractive, rich, autumn foliage in shades of bronze, orange, yellow, red and purple. The dried leaves of some species yield tannin; others are a source of waxes and lacquers; some cause dermatitis on sensitive skins. Most species are from temperate and subtropical areas of the northern hemisphere, including North America, eastern Asia and South Africa. The plant known as poison ivy was formerly Rhus toxicodendron but is now known as Toxicodendron radicans. It is a little-grown shrub or climber, and although poisonous, is used in alternative medicine.

Species

R. glabra, zone 2, the smooth sumach from North America, is a popular shrub, growing to 2.5 m (8 ft) in height and spread, with smooth stems. It bears green-yellow flowers, followed by red fruits (on female plants).

R. typhina, stag horn sumac, zone 3, from eastern North America, grows 8-10 m (26-33 ft). The greenish flowers are followed by distinctive, dull crimson, hairy fruits, with a velvety appearance. The fruits are a source of tannin. Cultivar 'Dissecta' has finely divided leaves.

R. verniciflua, Japanese varnish tree, zone 9, grows to 20 m (65 ft), with white flowers and yellowish green fruit. Cultivated in Japan for commercial lacquer, it is poisonous to touch.

Cultivation

Rhus species do best in temperate zones, but most will tolerate a range of conditions as long as there is adequate moisture. Grow in a sunny position for best autumn foliage colour. Propagate from seed in spring after chilling for three months. Propagate in winter from root cuttings or rooted suckers.

Climate

There are species suited to various climatic zones.