Family: Poaceae

This genus of bamboo is one of the running or monopodial types. Underground runners or rhizomes may travel 3-4 m (10-16 ft) in a growing season and become an invasive nightmare. However, in cooler climates, many species do not spread fast and remain as manageable clumps. These are very attractive plants that may be used as features and for screening. Many species make lovely displays if grown in large, decorative tubs. Containers must be set on a solid base, not on the ground, as plants will send roots into the earth through drainage holes.

Species

P. aurea, golden bamboo, is also known as fishpole bamboo, although it is not the source of split cane rods that come from the Tonkin bamboo, Pseudosasa amabilis, which is rarely cultivated as an ornamental. Golden bamboo may grow to 6-10 m (20-33 ft) high. It has slender, golden canes and pretty, green and gold foliage.

P. bambusoides, madake or giant timber bamboo, from China and Japan, is a very hardy species with large leaves. It grows to 20 m (65 ft) in height. The young shoots are edible. Cultivar 'Castillonis', kimmeichiku, from japan, grows to 12 m (33 ft), with bright gold stems, striped with green. In their native countries, they are used for a wide variety of construction purposes.

P. nigra, black bamboo or kurochika, is a beautiful species, which is highly prized by gardeners. The stems turn black when mature, and provide striking landscape contrast. A very fast growing species, it reaches maturity within a season, growing to about 7 m (23 ft) in height. Var. henonis, hakichu, from japan, grows to 12 m (40 ft), the new stems being bright green.

Cultivation

Most of these bamboos can be grown in full sun or partial shade. Although tolerant of quite poor soil, they do require good drainage. Soils or potting mixes enriched with organic matter produce better looking foliage and growth. Keep plants well watered during the growing season to maintain a good appearance. Feeding is unnecessary as a rule, but container-grown plants should be given slow-release fertilizer or liquid fertilizer during the growing season. Propagate from a section of the rhizome that contains a node, or by dividing a section of the plant. This is best done in late winter to spring.

Climate

Zone 8 for most species.