Mangifera indica
Family: Anacardiaceae

Although there are over 40 species in the genus Mangifera, only one is well known in tropical climates. The mango is native to Asia, from northern India through to Malaysia. It is grown as a major fruit crop in many tropical and subtropical regions such as South America, the West Indies and Australia. The trees are large and can grow to 20 m (65 ft) in height and around 12 m (40 ft) wide in the tropics. They are often planted for shade and the fruit is a bonus. A number of cultivars have been produced but not all are readily available outside the tropics. Mangoes are mainly eaten fresh, though they are also canned. Mango is used to flavor ice cream and for jams and preserves.

Cultivation

Except in the tropics and subtropics, mango must he grown in a large pot in a warm greenhouse or conservatory. In such conditions, it would be as a novelty foliage plant and unlikely to fruit. Use a rich, soil-based potting compost. Give maximum light but shade from strong sun and provide a humid atmosphere. Mangoes, especially the fruiting cultivars, are propagated commercially by grafting. The species can be raised from seed, sown as soon as available in a heated propagating case. Where conditions allow growing outdoors, the soil must be well drained and contain plenty of humus. Feed young trees with a high-nitrogen fertilizer, established trees with a balanced fertilizer in spring, summer and autumn. Trees will usually start setting fruit in their third year but do not come into regular heavy bearing for at least ten years. Fruit maturity may be difficult to judge, but skin colour will change from darkish green to a greenish yellow. Fruits should be cut, not pulled, from the tree. Mangoes are susceptible to various local pests and diseases, including powdery mildew.

Climate

Warmest parts of zone 10 plus tropical climates.