Family: Moraceae

This genus consists of 12 species of trees and shrubs native to Asia, Africa and America. They may he evergreen or deciduous and are usually thorny. They can be grown in shrub borders, or M. pomifera may be grown as a hedge. Fruits are only produced in climates with long, hot summers.

Species

M. pomifera, Osage orange or bow wood, is native to Arkansas and Texas in the United States. This deciduous tree grows 10-15 m (33-50 ft) high. Its wood bends easily and it is made into bows by the Osage people indigenous to the natural range of the tree. The timber has also been used in fencing and for railway sleepers. Its broad, oval leaves are shiny green above, paler beneath, colouring bright yellow in autumn. The branches and stems are thorny. In spring, the tree carries pendulous sprays of greenish yellow flowers which are fairly inconspicuous. The fruit that develops later is large, 10-12 cm (4-5 in) across, and green, ripening to a pale yellow. Although the fruit has a pleasant smell, it should not be eaten. This species makes an excellent, impenetrable hedge and hence is ideal for garden boundaries.

Cultivation

These plants can be grown in almost any type of soil as long as it is well drained. They prefer a position in full sun. Although they benefit from regular summer watering, they are fairly tough and easy to grow. Pruning is not usually necessary. Propagate from seed in a garden frame, or from semi-ripe cuttings in summer, rooted with basal warmth.

Climate

Zone 5.